1,659 research outputs found
Reading Attitudes and Perceptions of 7th-8th Grade Students
The information gathered on a reading attitude and perception survey of 370 middle schools students in the 7th and 8th grades over a three year period (1991-1994) is described below
Joint inversion of seismic and electrical data in saturated porous media
Joint inversion strategies and physical constraints on model parameters may be used to mitigate equivalence problems caused by solution non-uniqueness. This strategy is quite a common practice in exploration geophysics, where dedicated rock physical studies are usually carried out, while it is not so frequent in near surface geophysics. We use porosity as a constraint among seismic wave velocities and electrical resistivity in a deterministic joint inversion algorithm for surface wave dispersion, P-wave traveltimes and apparent resistivity from vertical electrical sounding. These data are often available for near surface characterization. We show that the physical constraint among model parameters leads to internally consistent geophysical models in which solution non-uniqueness is mitigated. Moreover, an estimate of soil porosity is obtained as a relevant side product of the procedure. In particular, we consider a clean sand deposit and hence the appropriate formulations for the computation of porosity from seismic velocities and resistivity are implemented in the algorithm. We first demonstrate how the non-uniqueness of the solution is reduced in a synthetic case and then we applied the algorithm to a real-case study. The algorithm is here developed for one-dimensional condition and for granular soils to better investigate the physical constraint only, but it can be extended to the two-dimensional or three-dimensional case as well as to other materials with the adoption of proper rock physical relationships
IL CASTELLACCIO DI MONTE CAPUTO A MONREALE: TRE PIANTE A CONFRONTO
This contribution describes and compares three plans of Castellaccio respectively from 1739, from end-18th and end-19th century.
The comparison shows the difference between the ancient surveys, which aim to provide an ideal image, and the modern ones, which document reality and represent it scientifically
The increasing temperature as driving force for spatial distribution patterns of Parapenaeus longirostris (Lucas 1846) in the Strait of Sicily (Central Mediterranean Sea)
The deep-water rose shrimp Parapenaeus longirostris (DPS), a demersal decapod representing the most important component of crustacean landings in the Mediterranean Sea, has been suggested as a species that may exhibit temperature-driven changes in the spatio-temporal dynamics. Considering that Mediterranean waters are warming up faster than oceans, understanding the relationships of DPS populations with temperature variations and the related changes in spatial patterns is absolutely key for its management. Using a long-term dataset covering 13-years from scientific surveys (International Bottom Trawl-Surveys in the Mediterranean, MEDITS; Italian national trawl surveys, GRUND) in the Strait of Sicily (central Mediterranean Sea), the annual DPS spatial patches and the depth distribution were investigated using geostatistical and quotient analyses. The patches dimension and depth range occupation were then related to sea temperature by using linear regression analysis. Results showed that both the dimension of DPS spatial patches and the depth distribution range occupied increased concurrently with temperature. Our findings corroborate that the ongoing sea warming widen areas suitable for this species and in which it can expand its spatial distribution
Variable stars and stellar populations in Andromeda XXI: II. Another merged galaxy satellite of M31?
B and V time-series photometry of the M31 dwarf spheroidal satellite
Andromeda XXI (And XXI) was obtained with the Large Binocular Cameras at the
Large Binocular Telescope. We have identified 50 variables in And XXI, of which
41 are RR Lyrae stars (37 fundamental-mode RRab, and 4 first-overtone RRc,
pulsators) and 9 are Anomalous Cepheids (ACs). The average period of the RRab
stars ( = 0.64 days) and the period-amplitude diagram place And~XXI in the
class of Oosterhoff II - Oosterhoff-Intermediate objects. From the average
luminosity of the RR Lyrae stars we derived the galaxy distance modulus of
(m-M)= mag, which is smaller than previous literature
estimates, although still consistent with them within 1 . The galaxy
color-magnitude diagram shows evidence for the presence of three different
stellar generations in And~XXI: 1) an old ( 12 Gyr) and metal poor
([Fe/H]=1.7 dex) component traced by the RR Lyrae stars; 2) a slightly
younger (10-6 Gyr) and more metal rich ([Fe/H]=1.5 dex) component populating
the red horizontal branch, and 3) a young age ( 1 Gyr) component with
same metallicity, that produced the ACs. Finally, we provide hints that And~XXI
could be the result of a minor merging event between two dwarf galaxies.Comment: accepted for publications in Ap
Nonlinear diffusion & thermo-electric coupling in a two-variable model of cardiac action potential
This work reports the results of the theoretical investigation of nonlinear
dynamics and spiral wave breakup in a generalized two-variable model of cardiac
action potential accounting for thermo-electric coupling and diffusion
nonlinearities. As customary in excitable media, the common Q10 and Moore
factors are used to describe thermo-electric feedback in a 10-degrees range.
Motivated by the porous nature of the cardiac tissue, in this study we also
propose a nonlinear Fickian flux formulated by Taylor expanding the voltage
dependent diffusion coefficient up to quadratic terms. A fine tuning of the
diffusive parameters is performed a priori to match the conduction velocity of
the equivalent cable model. The resulting combined effects are then studied by
numerically simulating different stimulation protocols on a one-dimensional
cable. Model features are compared in terms of action potential morphology,
restitution curves, frequency spectra and spatio-temporal phase differences.
Two-dimensional long-run simulations are finally performed to characterize
spiral breakup during sustained fibrillation at different thermal states.
Temperature and nonlinear diffusion effects are found to impact the
repolarization phase of the action potential wave with non-monotone patterns
and to increase the propensity of arrhythmogenesis
Geometric Hardy inequalities for the sub-elliptic Laplacian on convex domains in the Heisenberg group
We prove geometric versions of Hardy's inequality for the sub-elliptic
Laplacian on convex domains in the Heisenberg group ,
where convex is meant in the Euclidean sense. When and is the
half-space given by this generalizes an
inequality previously obtained by Luan and Yang. For such and the
inequality is sharp and takes the form \begin{equation}
\int_\Omega |\nabla_{\mathbb{H}^n}u|^2 \, d\xi \geq \frac{1}{4}\int_{\Omega}
\sum_{i=1}^n\frac{\langle X_i(\xi), \nu\rangle^2+\langle Y_i(\xi),
\nu\rangle^2}{\textrm{dist}(\xi, \partial \Omega)^2}|u|^2\, d\xi,
\end{equation} where denotes the
Euclidean distance from .Comment: 14 page
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